Electronics Research, Hobbies, and Discussions

Some home-grown ideas being studied

 

 

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  Note that these concepts are for discussion, and to generate a new angle to solving a problem. This is not always a best solution, but tags the multiple directions of investigation that could lead to a solid discovery.  -- "Fuel for Thought"

  Motor Control Circuits - Can we get a better electric motor for cars?

  Something that was researched and never built, was an external rotor motor that would be the wheel of a car. With a larger rotor, the torque is the same as gearing down. The speed can increase by frequency to a limit before it becomes inefficient from hysteresis, but reducing the phases to reduce the frequency, could be like shifting gears. There might be less torque, but higher rpm and less current by switching a large rotor from 5 to 4 to 3 phases and maybe less. This is much more efficient, and can be used as a supplement to a hybrid car. The car can effectively run with a small hp - 20 to 50  and mechanical or hydraulic drive supplemented with electric wheels on a different pair. The takeoff and acceleration is boosted by the rotor wheels, as the primary drive is mechanical. One negative to this concept is the complications of finding a bearing system that can handle the road impact and stresses while maintaining a minimal gap, for a large external rotor requires high speed bearings in a sealed environment. That could be the hurdle that is too high to reach.

  An alternate tool to provide the same effect could be that same large rotor scheme in the drive train, and not on the wheel. A supplement driving motor in a duel automatic clutch drive system, like an overdrive clutch bearing. That clutch can set idle and kick in when needed to supplement the torque, like the pedal drive on a bicycle. It would need a low torque start until it engaged the driving speed, and then give the boost force to compensate for a smaller fuel engine. Modes could be set to keep the rotor up to speed or allow it to remain idle, thus not wasting energy on the centrifugal torque to keep the rotor spinning.

  There are two primary opposing forces to a vehicle on a flat plane at a constant speed.  One is wind resistance, that is reduced by hydrodynamic design (not aerodynamics) that reduces impact AND drag pressures. Aerodynamic and hydrodynamic results are essentially the same, but the hydro tests give a greater visual concept of flow that can easily be missed or dismissed in computer generated calculations. The car designs that are used today have government mandated squared or flattened backsides to act as a drag-chute and keep it going straight and correct a spin. But dragging the air is identical in drag-force to pushing the air with a square front. You can see that on a hydro test, but it is dismissed on an aero test. That "pulling" force is precisely how a wing lifts an aircraft, only it is vectored to reduce drag, have you ever seen a square back aircraft? 

  Aerodynamics is one force, but one that can be as bad or worse is the rotational centrifugal force by each wheel and tire. Have you ever tried to spin a bike tire fast?  This can only be reduced by decreasing weight, speed, or diameter. If the rotor wheel were on a large stator, the stator does not spin and the outer rotor wheel could be thin enough to hold a tire and massively reduce the spinning weight.

  All these and many other concepts could be best tested in a supportive environment that would fuel the experiments. One of my schemes of imagination can envision something like the Indianapolis-500 mile race, but limited to 5 gallons of fuel. They could start at 20 gallons, and any efficient car could make the finish at a reasonable speed. Hitting 100+ speed requires additional torque for the whole distance, but that would turn the race into a pure engineering test of efficiency, and less on the influence of driver jostling skills.

One of these days it might get back into my "to-do" list.

Solar Panels - What if your car were a solar panel?

  Solar cells are funny looking plaid prints on a plate of glass, very thin and brittle and basically a three layer bi-junction transistor. That might be stylish for a geek, but not very practical to use on anything that cannot be protected from impact, and the protection usually reduces the effectiveness of the power. They are also expensive, but can be replaced if the mounting design allows this. A total electric car would take about 2k to 5k watts to operate a 2 thousand pound car that is about like a Volkswagen Bug. That kind of power would take about six each, 4 foot by 8 foot sheets of solar panel to run without a battery drain. You can see why they have large batteries and a generator to charge them. The other problem is the batteries have a short life compared to the vehicle. They only last a few years and replacing them is - Wow - half or more the cost of the car.

   All we can do is improve or add to, what we already have available. How about a hybrid solar panel? Use the traditional panel wherever possible for their relative efficiency. The rest of the car needs a special layer of primer coating that would turn all painted surfaces into thermocouples. The base metal, bonded to a dissimilar metal generates power and increases voltage with heat. You could power from heat of the pavement (submitted by a friend in Texas, John English). This would be useless in cool temperatures, but that is why it would be in addition to solar panels that are useless in the dark. There are complications with this magic formula, of corrosion and circuitry isolation. Any dinged area will probably corrode easily and cause a short, and the circuit connections might be tricky without shorting the membrane of the coatings. What if a three or more layer thermocouple system was used? That might reduce the corrosion factor, simplify connecting the membranes, and increase the potential by stacking like a Silicon Rectifier. 

  This is one of my garage experiments that have not yet gone off the drawing board, but it seems to have some potential. Can this be done with paint instead of electroplating? Knowing chemistry better would help find the best materials for making conductive paint with the highest valence potential, but many of these experiments are only to prove a theory. The efficiency and technical refinements are usually done through industrial production teams with greater resources.

  Some day we'll have a good answer, keep trying.

Electric Cars - With a new kind of Battery.

  The Lead-Acid batteries are extremely powerful and efficient as they are. One main condition that kills them, is the conductive gunk that settles to the bottom of a battery will eventually interconnect (short out) the plates. The killer buildup of gunk is inevitable because the batteries are not made to be disassembled and cleaned out.  There are several good reasons that they are not serviceable. The batteries are full of a very hazardous chemical, and you really don't want to mess with it. But if the sludge could be removed, the battery vibrant life could be 10 times what it is for now, and that takes packaging design. There are several possibilities for this approach, but the formation of a container is not in my scope of capabilities. Handling such hazardous chemicals takes a dedicated space and equipment, but smaller scale experiments can usually be tested.

  Another killer for batteries is the condition of overheating or freezing can warp the container or plate mounts. They can handle a lot, but if they warp just a bit, then the metal structure inside can be stressed enough to break or crack, which causes an arcing junction and that extends the fracture to a plate or the connecting rods that tie all the plates together. That is an unrecoverable failure in a battery, but some designs are much more durable than others, and thus more expensive.

  This is purely a design function of re-evaluating the simple structure of a battery, and adapting a rejuvenating system into the container. Can we design this by committee? It can be done if the EPA and few other overseers and watchdogs would get out of the way.

The Battery  A contribution from Shermie Wehe, a long time friend that started this website

The-Battery.pdf What is involved to produce a Battery.

Computer Interface - !

For those of you who remember MFM, RLL, & IDE, Hard Drives and what a pain it is to get the setup info; this 87 page Hard Drive PDF might come in handy, as it does for me. But there are still a few unknowns at times.

 

Here is a handy document in PDF form and in JPG form. From National Electrical Code, this tells what size of wire is needed for known ampacity (current) and Circuit breaker sizing (1997)

NEC-Ampacity PDF

NEC-Ampacity.JPG

 

Radio Communications - keeping in touch with a group broadcast.

 

These are Don Moore's Ham Radios

 

Independence Kansas Ham Radio Club Radio-NØID  http://www.theorybin.com/Radio.htm

See many more photos and Radio specific links and Club events at the Radio-NØID web page.

 

Breaking up after a doughnut meeting.

 

Don hams it up.

 

A few photos from the Green Country Ham Festival 3-18-2014, where Don Moore has some of his gear out for sale. Things have already been picked over, for this is only half of the gear that he started with. We all had an interesting day in Claremore, Oklahoma.

 

Nonstop chats with curious strangers and oodles of things to gawk at including a few celebrities of the technology side of the world. We even won at a drawing for a YAESU FT-60R handheld transceiver.

 

This is Bob Heil, the primary announcer of Ham Nation K9EID and some of his perpetual crowd. We have one of his books for sale at the Independence Radio Club. Heil Ham Radio Handbook second edition, that covers many of the basic questions of ten to two meter operation.

 

The Indy Radio Club had a presentation of the Aerial Imaging Systems by AgEagle. Click on the picture to get to a page of a dozen photos of Bret Chilcott's meeting.

 

 

History of Car Radio!  A contribution from Dale Russell KBØWIZ

Car-Radio.pdf

 

Radio Images - What if your radio could display a picture?

My Radio Project is essentially an add on circuit for FM Radio stations and receivers. This circuit will enable the radio stations to send an image during their broadcast that could enhance their usage. It does not change the transmission signal or receiver signal of the FM radio. No changes will be necessary to unmodified equipment. 

The modified transmitters and receivers will have an added signal that will not be "visible" or effect unmodified equipment. A standard receiver will work fine when tuned to a modified station. The new receivers can have the feature to extract and display the added signal, or an older receiver can have a modification kit added to receive the additional signal. The transmitting and receiver modifications have been successfully tested on high end modern equipment and even a mono  tube type receiver. The refinements of screen interfaces can be easily implemented, but are not in my personal collection of skills.

What is the purpose of this device?

During music play - the CD cover image displayed, would help to sell the music by visually identifying the Artist and source CD image.

During advertising - a map to the store or image of the house/car/item that is advertised.

During Talk Shows - an image of the announcer or display of informative text or Radio Station logos.

During News periods - a map of traffic red zones, or people and places of the news event.

These are just sample ideas of what can be useful during a broadcast.  The image selections would be up to the Radio Station to choose and send. The receiver would get an image with about a 7 to 20 second delay depending on if b/w or color image is selected. This is inadequate for video, but excellent for still shots. There could even be a programmed display save buffer, to tab through or hold previous images. That delay can be reduced by using a patented system by Motorola, that would give less than 2 seconds for each image. That could buffer a brief video if needed.

The technology for getting this system to work is in the design and testing phase at this time. The transmitter modification works, but needs refinement and a computer feed with smooth interface. The receiver kit is on an elaborate circuit board that could best be developed on a microchip. The memory storage and other add on functions can be designed best with programming skills that I lack. More notes will be available after patents are acquired.

Some feedback has noted that this is already available in cell-phones and satellite radio.

 Yes, there is some visual on those devices, but radio stations are common.  At any populated area of the world, you can receive a radio station signal in your car or home. Imagine a radio in your car or home or work, that has an image of those mentioned above. This would not be like satellite radio that has a monthly bill for the reception, and the same with a cell-phone or internet link.

This would be standard free airwave signal reception over the standard FM radios that we all have. There would be no change of anything except an add-on circuit for receiving the images.

What do you think?  Feedback to the Author of this site.

Some Useful Websites For Electronics

 

  All About Circuits - - Articles and Video training

   Electrical Engineering online community that provides both interesting content and useful resources for Electrical Engineers.  http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/ (recommended June 7, 2018)

 

  EE-Power - -

Digital Publication of power electronics industry. Technical articles, Design tips, Application notes from leading engineers.  https://eepower.com/  (recommended June 7, 2018)

 

  Maker Pro – Programming

Active open source platform for projects on Arundo, Rasberry Pi, Intel Edison, Home Automation and more. Completely user generated content. https://Maker.Pro/   (recommended June 7, 2018)

http://www.radio-electronics.com/       Basic Radio Tutorials and Circuits

http://www.designnotes.com/             Design Circuits

http://www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/               Electronics Tutorials & RC Circuits

http://www.embeddedlinks.com/chipdir/       Chip Directory

http://www.pcs-electronics.com/guide_schematicsnew.php     Mighty's FM Radio Shop

http://scientificsonline.com/Default.asp?bhcd2=1191490886   Edmund Scientifics

http://www.onlineconversion.com/       Physics Conversions

http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/        HTML Code Tutorials

 

This is the annual chart for 2016 from the Startlogic Statistics of Theorybin.com.

Notice that I do not get a large viewing like some sites report. My visits for the year are near the daily count for some sites. Theorybin is the link for knowledge and interesting studies. This is the only site for much of the biblical research that is offered, and will maintain and add information as long as I can.

 
 

 

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This page was last updated 12/05/23